Изменение относительного объёма тканевых сосудов и содержания оксигемоглобина при нарушениях локального кровотока

Е. А. Бур УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»

2021 №1 | В помощь практикующему врачу

Аннотация

Список литературы

В основе механизмов развития ишемических и ряда других заболеваний лежат нарушения гемодинамики, вызванные морфологическими изменениями параметров сосудистой сети, нарушением нормальной реакции сосудов и уменьшением оксигенации крови. Методом спектрометрии у здоровых молодых людей проведена оценка изменений относительного объёма тканевых сосудов и содержания оксигемоглобина при кратковременных нарушениях локальной гемодинамики, моделирующих состояния ишемии и реперфузии. Обнаружено снижение относительного объёма сосудов области тенар и содержания оксигемоглобина в них при прекращении кровотока в тканях и увеличение этих параметров после окончания воздействия внешнего давления на сосуды плеча. В условиях нарушения оттока венозной крови отмечены зависимые от величины внешнего давления увеличение относительного объёма сосудов и снижение содержания оксигемоглобина. Обсуждается возможная роль в механизмах выявленных изменений влияния сосудоактивных веществ, скорости потока и давления крови в сосудах микроциркуляторного русла, состояния тканевого метаболизма, а также реакций реактивной гиперемии.

Ключевые слова:

тканевые сосуды, микроциркуляторный кровоток, реактивная гиперемия, оксигемоглобин

Changes of the relative volume of tissue vessels and oxyhemoglobin content in local blood flow disorders

Hemodynamic disorders, caused by morphological changes of the vessels, by the alterations of vessel reactions and by the decrease of the blood oxygenation underlie ischemic and the number of other diseases. The changes of the relative volume of tissue vessels and the oxyhemoglobin content were evaluated by spectrometry in healthy young people. The evaluation took place in the conditions of short-term alterations of local hemodynamics, that were modeling the state of ischemia and reperfusion. A decrease in the relative vessel volume of thenar region and the oxyhemoglobin content in them were found during the cessation of blood flow in tissues and an increase in these parameters was registered after the termination of external compression on the brachial vessels. An increase in the relative vessel volume and a decrease in the oxyhemoglobin content were observed in conditions of impaired venous blood outflow. The extent of these changes depended on the external pressure. A possible role in the mechanisms of the detected changes in the influence of vasoactive substances, blood flow rate and pressure in the vessels of the microcirculatory bed, the state of tissue metabolism, as well as reactive hyperemia reactions are discussed.

Keywords

tissue vessels, microcirculatory flow, reactive hyperemia, oxyhemoglobin

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