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Эпидемиологические особенности инфекции, вызванной вирусом Зика

Т. С. Гузовская, А. М. Дронина, Г. Н. Чистенко УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»
2017 №2 | Лекции
Аннотация
Список литературы
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В обзоре приведены новые данные о возбудителе лихорадки Зика, показано наличие двух генотипов вируса Зика, указано на связь современной пандемии с азиатскими штаммами. Обсуждается роль обезьян и других теплокровных животных в качестве природных резервуаров вируса Зика. Дана характеристика трансмиссивного и других механизмов передачи возбудителя. Подчеркнута особая клиническая значимость вертикального механизма передачи вируса Зика. Приведены сведения о местной передаче комарами вируса Зика в 75-ти странах мира. Обсуждаются причины активизации эпидемического процесса лихорадки Зика в современных условиях (глобализация, урбанизация, изменение экологических условий и вирулентности возбудителя).
Ключевые слова:
Зика вирусная инфекция, эпидемиология, механизм передачи
Epidemiological features Zika virus infection

This review describes the new dates about causative agent of Zika fever, availability of two genotype Zika virus strains, specified communication of a modern pandemic with Asian genotype strains. The role of nonhuman primates and other warm-blooded animals as natural reservoirs of a Zika virus is discussed. Mosquito-borne transmission and perinatal, sexual and blood transfusion modes have been characteristic. The special clinical importance of the vertical perinatal transmission is emphasized. Data of autochthonous transmission by mosquito-borne virus are provided in 75 countries of the world. The reasons of activation of epidemic process of Zika fever in modern conditions (globalization, urbanization, changes of ecological conditions and of virulence of the causative agent) are discussed.

Keywords
Zika virus infection, epidemiology, transmission
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