Микробиота кишечника: вклад в здоровье и профилактику заболеваний человека

А. Т. Быков, А. В. Шапошников, Т. Н. Маляренко УО «Кубанский государственный медицинский университет», УО «Ростовский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт»

2016 №4 | Лекции

Аннотация

Список литературы

Скачать полнотекстовую статью

В последнее время быстро нарастает интерес исследователей и клиницистов к роли кишечной микробиоты в поддержании здоровья человека,а также в развитии и предупреждении ряда заболеваний. Установлено, что гомеостаз кишечной микробиоты способствует нормальному функционированию различных систем организма. Нарушение равновесия в кишечной экосистеме (дизбиоз) ассоциируется со многими патологическими процессами, включая аутоиммунные, метаболические и злокачественные заболевания. В настоящем обзоре обобщены не только данные о последствиях дизбиоза кишечника для органов и функций по оси «кишечник-микробиота-мозг-хозяин», но и представлены пути профилактики и коррекции нарушений состава микробиоты и улучшения здоровья человека при использовании пребиотиков, пробиотиков и ряда нутриентов и диет.

Ключевые слова:

микробиота кишечника, здоровье человека, последствия дизбиоза, профилактика, диетическая коррекция микробиоты

Gut microbiota: its implications in human health, development and prevention of specific diseases

Last time it is notes the rapid increase in interest to the role of gut microbiota in support of human health and in development and prevention some disease as consequences of dysbiosis. It was found that gut microbiota homeostasis supports not only functions of gastrointestinal tract but many functional systems of whole organism. Some prolonged disorders of gut microbiota composition can initiate, particularly, metabolic syndrome, obesity-related diseases, liver, bowel diseases, vary forms of malignisation, and contribute other disorders in various organs and functions on the complex axis “gut-microbiota-brain-host”. There are reviewed the impact of environmental factors including aspects of diet and life style on the gut microbiota and different potential therapies, such as correction of diet, using prebiotics, probiotics and some nutrients aimed at modulation of the put microbiota for improving human health in whole.

Keywords

gut microbiota, human health, consequences of dysbiosis, prevention, dietic correction

1. Beamish, L. A., Osornio-Vargas A. R., Wine E. Air pollution: an environmental factor contributing to intestinal disease // J. Crohns Colitis. - 2011. - № 5. - P. 279-286.
2. Boulange, C. L., Neves A. L., Chilloux J. et al. Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease // Genome Med. 20 April. - 2016. - Vol. 68. - P. 42-63.
3. Boursier, J., Diehl A. M. Implication of gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease // PLoS Pathol. - 2015. - Vol. 11, № 1. - P. e1004559.
4. Cani, P. D., Delzenne N. M. The gut microbiome as therapeutic target // Pharmacol. Ther. - 2011. - Vol. 130, № 2. - P. 202-212.
5. Cantarel, B. L., Waubant E., Chehould C. et al. Gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis // JIM. 15 Dec. 2015.
6. Chassaing, B., Gevirtz A. T. Has provoking microbiota aggression driven the obesity epidemic? // Bioessays. - 2016. - Vol. 38. - P. 122-128.
7. Clarke, G., Stilling R. M., Kennedy P. J. et al. Gut microbiota: the neglected endocrine organ // Mol. Endocrinol. - 2014. - Vol. 28. - P. 1221-1238.
8. Clarke, S. F., Murfy E. F., O'Sullivan O. et al. Exercise and associated dietary extremes impact on gut microbial diversity // Gut. - 2014. - Vol. 63. - P. 1913-1920.
9. Colman, R. J., Rubin D. T. Fecal microbiota transplantation as therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis // J. Crohns Colitis. - 2014. - Vol. 8. - P. 1569-1581.
10. Conlon, M. A., Bird A. R. The impact of diet and lifestyle on gut microbiota and human health // Nutrients. - 2015. - Vol. 7, № 1. - P. 17-44.
11. Costello, E. K., Stagaman K., Dethlefsen L. et al. The application of ecological theory toward an understanding of the human microbiome // Science. - 2012. - Vol. 336, № 6086. - P. 1255-1262.
12. Davenport, E. R., Mizrahi-Man O., Michelini K. et al. Seasonal variation in human gut microbiome composition // PLoS One. - 2014. - Vol. 9. - P. e90731.
13. David, L. A., Maurice C. F., Carmody R. N. et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome // Nature. - 2014. - Vol. 505. - P. 559-563.
14. De Filippis, F., Pellegrini N., Vannini L. et al. High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome // http://gut.bmj.com/ content/early/2015/09/03/gutjnl-2015-309957?trendmd-shared=0.
15. Flemer, B., Lynch D. B., Brown J. M. R. et al. Tumorassociated and non-tumor associated microbiota in colorectal cancer // Gut. Published on line first 18 March 2016.
16. Geurts, L., Neyrinck A. M., Delzenne N. M. et al. Gut microbiota controls adipose tissue expansion, gut barrier and glucose metabolism: novel insights into molecular targets and interventions using prebiotics // Benef. Microbes. - 2014. - Vol. 5, № 1. - P. 3-17.
17. Glick-Bauer, Yeh M.-Ch. The health advantage of a vegan diet: exploring the gut microbiota connection // Nutrients. - 2014. - Vol. 6, № 11. - P. 4822-4838.
18. Graf, D., Di Cagno R., Fak F. et al. Contribution of diet to the composition of the human gut microbiota // Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease. - 2015. - Vol. 26, Issue 26164. - 11 p.
19. Hooper, L. V., Littman D. R., Macpherson A. J. Interactions between the microbiota and the immune system // Science. - 2012. - Vol. 336. - P. 1268-1273.
20. Hyland, N. P., Quigley E. M., Brint E. Microbiota-host interactions in irritable bowel syndrome: epithelial barrier, immune regulation and brain-gut interactions // World J. Gastroenterol. - 2014. - Vol. 20, № 27. - P. 8859-8866.
21. Kamada, N., Seo S. U., Chen G. Y., Nunez G. et al. Role of the gut microbiota in immunity and inflammatory disease // Nat. Rev. Immunol. - 2013. - Vol. 13. - P. 321-335.
22. Kobyliak, N., Conte C., Cammarota G. et al. Probiotics in prevention and treatment of obesity: a critical view // Nutr. Metab. (Lond.). - 2016. - Vol. 13. - 14 p.
23. Le Chatelier, E., Nielsen T., Qin J., et al. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers // Nature. - 2013. - Vol. 500. - P. 541-546.
24. Lee, K. N., Lee O. Y. Intestinal microbiota in patophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome // World J. Gastroenterol. - 2014. - Vol. 20, № 27. - P. 8886-8897.
25. Li, J. T., Cai H. F., Wang Z. H. et al. Systematic review with meta-analysis: long-term outcomes of faecal microbiota transplantation for Clostridium difficie infection // Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. - 2016. - Vol. 43. - P. 445-457.
26. Marchesi, J. R., Adams D. F., Flava F. et al. The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier // Gut. - 2016. - Vol. 65. - P. 330-339.
27. Nicholson, J. K., Holmes E., Kinross J. et al. Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions // Science. - 2012. - Vol. 336. - P. 1262-1267.
28. Norris, V., Molina F., Gewirtz A. T. Hypothesis: Bacteria control host appetites // J. Bacteriol. Febr. - 2013. - Vol. 195, № 3. - P. 411-416.
29. Paul, B., Barnes S., Demark-Wahnefried W. et al. Influences of diet and the gut microbiome on epigenetic modulation in cancer and other diseases // Clin. Epigenetics. - 2015. - Vol. 7. - P. 112-129.
30. Prakash, S., Rodes L., Coussa-Charley M., Tomaro-Duchesneau C. Gut microbiota: next frontier in understanding human health and development of biotherapeutics // Biologics. - 2011. - Vol. 5. - P. 71-86.
31. Rodrigues, J. M., Murphy K., Stanton C. et al. The composition of the gut microbiota throughout life, with emphasis on early life //Microb. Ecol. Health Dis. - 2015. - Vol. 26. - Art. 26050.
32. Serban, D. E. Gastrointestinal cancers: influence of gut microbiota, probiotics and prebiotics // Cancer Letters. April 10. - 2014. - Vol. 354, Issue 2. - P. 258-370.
33. Serikov, I., Shannon L., Russell L. et al. Gut microbiota in health and disease // Physiological Reviews. - 1 July 2010. - Vol. 90, № 3. - P. 859-904.
34. Sommer, F., Backhed F. The gut microbiota - masters of host development and physiology // Nat. Rev. Microbiol. - 2013. - Vol. 11. - P. 227-238.
35. Tao, X., Wang N., Qin W. Gut microbiota and hepatocellular carcinoma // Gastrointestinal Tumors. - 2015. - Vol. 2, № 1. - P. 33-40.
36. Tuohy, К., Del Rio D. eds. Diet-microbe interactions in the gut. Effects on human health and disease. Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc. 2014.
37. Ussar, S., Griffin N. W., Bezy 0. et al. Interactions between gut microbiota, host genetics and diet modulate the predisposition to obesity and metabolic syndrome // Cell. Metab. - 2015. - Vol. 22. - P. 516-530.
38. Voigt, R. M„ Forsyht С. В., Green S. J. et al. Circadian disorganization alters intestinal microbiota // PLoS One. - 2014. - Vol. 9. - P. e97500.
39. Wu, G. D„ Compher Ch„ Chen E. Z. et al. Comparative metabolomics in vegan and omnivores reveal constraints on diet-dependent gut microbiota metabolite production // Gut. 2014. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308209.
40. Zitrogel, L., Galluzzi L., Viaud S. et al. Cancer and the gut microbiota: an unexpected link // Sci. Translat. Med. 21 Jan. - 2015. - Vol. 7, Isue 271.