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  • 2016 №4
  • Механизмы изменений, посреднические эффекты и оценка их влияния на эффективность психотерапии при алкогольной зависимости

Механизмы изменений, посреднические эффекты и оценка их влияния на эффективность психотерапии при алкогольной зависимости

Д. А. Донской, А. В. Копытов УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»
2016 №4 | В помощь практикующему врачу
Аннотация
Список литературы
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В настоящей публикации представлен обзор литературы по исследованию механизмов изменений, посреднических эффектов и оценка их влияния на эффективность психотерапии при алкогольной зависимости (АЗ). Были проанализированы электронные базы данных: «Current Contents», «ETOH», «Medline», «PsycInfo», «PubMed» с 1976 года. В обзор включены результаты исследований различных видов и методов психотерапевтического лечения, с избирательной ориентированностью на различные патогенетические механизмы. Проведен анализ активных компонентов методик лечения АЗ, определяющих их эффективность. Представлены методологические аспекты проведения исследований по изучению эффективности методов психотерапии АЗ. Представлены основные понятия о роли посредников при психотерапевтических вмешательствах и их влиянии на эффективность данных мероприятий при лечении АЗ. Обсуждены активные компоненты психотерапевтических вмешательств при лечении АЗ. Обсуждена роль отдельных компонент и их взаимодействия, а также возможных механизмов изменений психотерапевтического процесса при АЗ, как внутри, так и за его пределами. Представлена оценка применяемых методик психотерапии АЗ и возможные перспективы их эффективного применения в зависимости от индивидуальных клинических характеристик заболевания и особенностей его формирования.
Ключевые слова:
алкогольная зависимость, методы лечения, обзор, эффективность, механизмы изменений, посреднические эффекты
The mechanisms changes mediating effects and assess their impact on the effectiveness of psychotherapy for alcohol dependence

This article presents a literature review on the study of mechanisms of change, mediating effects and assess their impact on the effectiveness of psychotherapy for alcohol dependence (AD). Were analyzed electronic databases: “Current Contents”, “ETOH”, “Medline”, “PsycInfo”, “PubMed” since 1976. The review includes the results of studies of various kinds and psychotherapeutic treatments, with electoral orientation on different pathogenetic mechanisms. Were analysed the active components of the treatment methods AD determining their effectiveness. Were presented methodological aspects of research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy AD. Shown the basic concepts of the role of intermediaries in the psychotherapeutic interventions and their impact on the effectiveness of these measures in the treatment of AD. Discussed the active ingredients of psychotherapeutic interventions in the treatment of AD. Discussed the role of the individual components and their interaction, as well as possible mechanisms of the therapeutic process changes at AD, both inside and outside. Provides an assessment of applied psychotherapy techniques AD and possible prospects for their effective application, depending on the individual clinical characteristics of the disease and the characteristics of its formation.

Keywords
alcohol dependence, treatment methods, review, effectiveness, mechanisms of changes, intermediary effects
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