Современные представления о роли диеты и мышечных нагрузок в торможении старения и развития возрастно-зависимых кардиоваскулярных заболеваний

А. Т. Быков, А. А. Дюжиков, Т. Н. Маляренко Кубанский государственный медицинский университет, г. Краснодар, РФ; Ростовский областной Центр кардиологии и сердечно-сосудистой хирургии, г. Ростов-на-Дону, РФ

2015 №3 | Клинический обзор

Аннотация

Список литературы

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На основании данных последних лет представлена роль биомаркёров и ключевых модуляторов старения, таких, как длина теломеров концевых участков хромосом, mTOR и сиртуинов (SIRT) в замедлении процессов старения и профилактике хронических возрастно-зависимых кардиоваскулярных заболеваний. Установлено, что SIRT, mTOR и другие сенсоры нутриентов выполняют важную роль во взаимосвязи диеты, метаболизма и старения. Показано значение замедления укорочения теломеров для здоровья и увеличения продолжительности жизни, а также возможность регулировать длину теломеров при помощи, например, Средиземноморской диеты. Рассмотрена также кардиопротекторная роль Окинавского, Средиземноморского и других паттернов питания и их значение для удлинения средней продолжительности жизни и сохранения здоровья старых людей. Сочетание диеты с регулярными физическими нагрузками умеренной интенсивности даёт наилучшие результаты и представляет собой эффективное средство медицины антистарения.

Ключевые слова:

: медицина антистарения, модуляторы старения, диета, физические нагрузки, возрастнозависимые кардиоваскулярные заболевания

Contemporary view on the role of diet and exercise in inhibition of ageing and onset of cardiovascular age-relative diseases

The objective of this review was to analyze the fundamental and clinical-epidemiological data of last years on the role of some biomarkers and key modulators for ageing, as chromosome’s telomere length, SIRT and mTOR, and their possibilities to slow an onset an ageing and chronic age-relative diseases. Contemporary studies suggested that these and other sensors of nutrients play a big role in the relationship between diet, metabolism and the processes of ageing. It was revealed a significance of slowing of telomere length shortening for health and longer average life expectancy, and the possibility to control telomere length with help of Mediterranean diet, for example. It was shown the role of Okinawan, Mediterranean and some other diet patterns in health and longer average lifespan. Harmonious blend of diets and regular moderate exercises gives the best results and represents the most effective approach for anti-aging medicine.

Keywords

anti-aging medicine, modulators for ageing, diet patterns, exercise, cardiovascular age-relative diseases, elderly

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