Chronic polypous rhinosinusitis is a common heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the nasal and paranasal mucosa with mucosal remodeling and the formation of recurrent polyps. Given the unfavorable course of this pathology, the reduced quality of life of patients, and the short-term effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatment, this topic remains relevant both among practicing physicians and in scientific research. The study of this rhinosinusitis distinguishes phenotypic, endotypic, and genotypic characteristics. The endotypic division of polyps has led to the development of the theory of T2-mediated inflammation, which in turn has shaped a new approach to treating patients with monoclonal antibodies. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy with Dupilumab in the treatment of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis. Study objects and methods. An analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis who received Dupilumab injections for 6 months was conducted. Treatment progress was monitored using laboratory and instrumental testing results. Statistical data processing was performed using an online service for creating feedback forms, using Microsoft Excel analysis. Comparative analysis was performed using the Student’s t-test. Results. At the time of the first visit of patients, the average Ig E value was 395.05 ± 68.9 IU with a norm of 0–86 IU; the absolute number of eosinophils was 0.6* 10^9/L ± 0.1 with a norm of 0.02–0.5, the relative number of eosinophils was 16.63 % ± 2.2 with a norm of 0.5–5.0. At the time of the last injection, the Ig E indicators were 99.49 ± 14.3 IU, the absolute number of eosinophils was 0.89*10^9/L ± 0.42, the relative number of eosinophils was 11.88 ± 5.8 %. During the analysis of the endoscopic examination, a decrease in the volume of polyps in the nasal cavity was noted, and patients reported an improvement in nasal breathing and sense of smell. According to the MSCT data of the paranasal sinuses, before treatment, all patients had total or subtotal darkening of the paranasal sinuses, obstruction of the middle nasal passages, however, at the time of the last injection after 6 months of therapy, the sinuses became more pneumatized, and partial or complete release of the nasal passages from polypous tissue was also noted. Conclusion. Biological therapy is a promising treatment option for patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis induced by T2-type inflammation. However, it should be noted that effective treatment requires patient compliance, given the long duration of biological therapy.
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