Calcaneal fractures are not uncommon injuries. The treatment is accompanied by significant difficulties. Complex shape of the calcaneus requires special radiologic projections (axial, Broden series) or CT for the evaluation of injury and pre-operative planning. Soft-tissues in the calcaneal region are vulnerable to the injury, so extreme oedema and fracture blisters can develop within few hours after the injury. This makes surgical treatment dangerous for several days (up to two weeks after the injury) until the condition of the soft-issues becomes normal. Non-operative treatment is accompanied by high rate of malunions with subsequent significant functional impairments, comparable to those after myocardial infarction. Surgical treatment with extended lateral approach provides possibility of restoration of calcaneal anatomy, but for the cost of the high rate of wound complications, which are difficult to treat. One of perspective directions is the use of minimal tarsal approach for direct reduction of the posterior articular facet and closed reduction of the extra-articular fragments. Current evidences are based on small number of cases, thus further investigations in this direction shall be performed.
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