The article presents the results of the evaluation of immunophenotypic and cytogenetic characteristics of a subpopulation of myeloid progenitor cells (CD34 + CD117 +) revealed in cohort of 116 adult patients with primary myelodysplastic syndromes prior to the initiation of specific therapy. A comparative analysis of the time of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia depending on the pattern of expression of immunophenotypic markers on a subpopulation of early myeloid progenitor cells was carried out. It is shown that markers of asynchronous expression of CD10, CD15, CD11b are the most significant at risk of transformation into acute myeloid leukemia. Their expression does not depend on the variant of myelodysplastic syndrome, according to the WHO classification, and on the presence of cytogenetic aberrations determining an unfavorable prognosis, such as anomalies of chromosome 7 and complex karyotype.Thus, the presence of aberrant expression of CD10, CD15, CD11b on early myeloid progenitor cells is an independent prognostic marker of high risk of early transformation into acute myeloid leukemia in adult patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.
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