Тhe relationship between mental health and crime is a complex and controversial subject. Over the past 15 years, much research has been conducted on the relationship between mental disorder and crime and violence.The possible relationship between mental illness and violent and criminal behavior has been the subject of considerable debate and controversy and the focus of extensive research. This study examined the relationship between mental disorder and criminal behavior in Republic of Belarus. In Belarus for the period from 2004 to 2014, 26.5% of those convicted in crime had certain type of mental disorders. The most common diagnosis among violators of criminal law was «Syndrome of dependence» on psychoactive substances (20.1%). In particular, «Alcohol dependence» was diagnosed in 16.8% of the offenders. Of all the persons prosecuted, 0.9% were declared insane. Persons declared legally committed 3.1% of all violent offenses. The block «Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders» accounted for 41.3% of all kinds of crimes and 46.7% of violent crimes, which was significantly more than any other diagnostic categories of ICD-10.
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