Обследованы 61 пациент с диагнозом ХОБЛ и 27 человек без признаков патологии. Пациенты обследовались до начала стационарного лечения, а также спустя 14 и 90 суток. В образцах венозной крови определяли концентрацию клеток, СОЭ, в сыворотке крови – уровень СРБ. Результаты анализировали непараметрическими методами описательной статистики.
Независимо от степени развития обструктивных изменений в легких, в крови пациентов с ХОБЛ до начала лечения имелись признаки системного воспаления. Это выражалось в увеличении уровня лейкоцитов, концентрации и относительного количества нейтрофилов, при выраженной обструкции – лимфоцитов и моноцитов, СОЭ и СРБ по сравнению с контрольными значениями. Через 14 суток, вопреки ожидаемо- му снижению на фоне проводимой терапии, происходил дальнейший рост или сохранение высокого уровня этих показателей. Через 90 суток уровень лейкоцитов, нейтрофилов, моноцитов и СРБ значимо снизился по сравнению с пиком через 14 суток, приближаясь к исходным значениям (до начала лечения), но все еще превышал норму.
Наблюдавшиеся изменения являются характерным признаком хронического, плохо контролируемого системного воспаления, которое является ключевым фактором, определяющим прогрессирование заболевания и риск неблагоприятных исходов.
This study aims to determine the dynamics of complete blood count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with COPD varying degrees of obstructive pulmonary changes during an exacerbation, treatment, and in stable period.
61 patients with COPD and 27 individuals without signs of pathology were examined. Patients were examined before the start of inpatient treatment and after 14 and 90 days. Cell count and ESR were determined in venous blood samples, and CRP levels were measured in serum. The results were analyzed using nonparametric descriptive statistics.
Regardless of the severity of obstructive pulmonary changes, signs of systemic inflammation were present in the blood of patients with COPD before treatment. This was manifested by an increase in leukocyte count, the concentration and relative number of neutrophils, and, in cases of severe obstruction, an increase in lymphocytes and monocytes, ESR, and CRP compared to control values. After 14 days, contrary to the expected decrease during therapy, these indicators continued to increase or remained high. After 90 days, levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and CRP had significantly decreased compared to the peak after 14 days, approaching baseline values (before treatment), but still exceeded normal.
These observed changes are characteristic of chronic, poorly controlled systemic inflammation,
which is a key factor determining disease progression and the risk of adverse outcomes.
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