Objective. To determine clinical and laboratory differences in women with threatened abortion and a history of spontaneous abortion in order to identify the most significant factors associated with the development of recurrent miscarriage. Materials and Methods. This prospective cohort study included 242 women with threatened miscarriage, divided into two groups based on their reproductive history. The «exposed» group consisted of 97 women with a history of spontaneous abortion and a history of recurrent miscarriage, while the «unexposed» group included 145 patients without a history of recurrent miscarriage. Patient complaints, medical history, general medical and gynecological examination data, and laboratory test results obtained on the day of hospitalization were assessed. Statistical processing of the final data was performed on a personal computer with the Windows 8.1 operating system using Microsoft Excel and the Statistica 10 statistical software package. The null hypothesis of the absence of statistically significant differences was rejected at p < 0.05. Results. Clinical, demographic, and clinical anamnestic parameters of patients in the compared groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). However, women with a history of AS were twice as likely to be diagnosed with hypothyroidism compared to those without a history of AS (OR 2.0; 95 % CI 0.9–4.3; p = 0.073); however, the difference was not statistically significant. In both groups, women with the second A(II) blood group predominated: 43.3 % (24/97) in the “exposed” group, 43.5 % (63/145) in the “unexposed” group (p = 0.981; χ 2 = 0.00). Three quarters of patients in both groups had a positive Rh factor status: 74.2 % (72/97) in the “exposed” group, 77.9 % (113/145) in the unexposed group (p = 0.505; χ 2 = 0.44). A decrease in the ferritin level below 30 μg/l and an increase in prothrombin time to more than 12.5 sec turned out to be a significant factor for all patients with threatened abortion (UA). Urinalysis results did not differ significantly between the groups; bacteriuria was detected in 14.4 % (14/97) of patients in the exposed group and 18.6 % (27/145) in the unexposed group (p = 0.394; χ 2 = 0.72). Analysis of microscopic examination data from urogenital secretions did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Factors such as decreased ferritin levels and increased prothrombin time are associated with the risk of miscarriage. The likelihood of hypothyroidism in women with a history of miscarriage is twice as high as in women without a history of AS. When preparing for pregnancy, women who have experienced AS in the past should pay attention to ferritin levels and thyroid function, which will help reduce the incidence of UA, medical prevention of recurrent AS and, consequently, habitual miscarriage.
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