Роль эндогенного сероводорода в регуляции процессов жизнедеятельности

И. Н. Семененя, В. А. Переверзев, А. В. Евсеев, Ю. В. Гайкович, Т. А. Пупа, О. Е. Шалаева УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет», Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет», г. Смоленск, Россия

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51922/1818-426X.2025.4.13

2025 №4 | Обзоры и лекции

Аннотация

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Рассмотрены вопросы биологической роли и медицинского значения эндогенного H2 S, ранее считавшегося исключительно токсическим для человека веществом – экологическим токсикантом. Затронуты аспекты его метаболизма в организме и регуляции образования с помощью доноров H2S и веществ, влияющих на процессы биосинтеза этого газотрансмиттера. Рассмотрены точки приложения и механизмы влияния H 2S на процессы жизнедеятельности в норме и в условиях патологии. Широта участия H2S в регуляции метаболических реакций, физиологических и патологических процессов в организме позволяет рассматривать этот газотрансмиттер как универсальный биорегулирующий фактор. Многочисленными исследованиями показано, что, как недостаток, так и избыток H2S в организме может быть связан с возникновением и течением различных нарушений жизнедеятельности, имеющих как функциональную, так и органическую природу, вызванных химическими, физическими, биологическими или чисто информационными факторами. В связи с этим, в настоящее время активно разрабатываются различные технологии, направленные на предупреждение и коррекцию различных нарушений жизнедеятельности с использованием веществ, регулирующих уровень эндогенного сероводорода в организме, направленных на усиление или подавление его образования.

Ключевые слова:

метаболизм эндогенного H 2S, регуляция образования H2S, роль H2 S в физиологии, роль H2S в патологии, управление жизнедеятельностью через H2S

The role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of life processe

The article considers the issues of biological role and medical significance of endogenous H2 S, previously considered exclusively toxic for humans – an environmental toxicant. The aspects of its metabolism in the body and regulation of formation with the help of H2S donors and substances affecting the processes of biosynthesis of this gas transmitter are touched upon. The points of application and mechanisms of influence of H2S on vital processes in norm and in pathological conditions are considered. The breadth of participation of H2S in the regulation of metabolic reactions, physiological and pathological processes in the body allows us to consider this gas transmitter as a universal bioregulatory factor. Numerous studies have shown that both deficiency and excess of H2S in the body can be associated with the occurrence and course of various disorders of vital activity, having both functional and organic nature, caused by chemical, physical, biological or purely informational factors. In this regard, various technologies are currently being actively developed aimed at preventing and correcting various life disorders using chemical instruments that regulate the level of endogenous hydrogen sulfide in the body, aimed at enhancing or suppressing its formation.

Keywords

metabolism of endogenous H2S, regulation of H2S formation, role of H2S in physiology, role of H2S in pathology, management of life activity through H2S

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